TECHNICAL TERMS 2013
TRUCKS GAZ 51/52 and GAZ 53
1. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
1.1.All changes not allowed by group regulations or general regulations and safety terms are prohibited. The parts of a truck must retain their original function.
1.2. A truck must retain its specific structure, outer shape of the body, engine transmission (except in separately identified cases).
2. WEIGHT The minimum weight of a truck in autocross, including the safety equipment: GAZ-51/52 2000 kg GAZ-53 2200 kg in autorally: GAZ 51/52 and 53 2000 kg
3. ENGINE
3.1. Allowed capacity: - in class GAZ 51/52 - 4000 cm³ with cylinder formula R6 - in class GAZ 53 - 4500 cm³ with cylinder formula V8
3.1.1. The maximum allowed piston stroke of an engine used in machine class GAZ 53 is 80 mm.
3.2. The cylinder block, cylinder head(s) and inlet manifold must be the original ones (GAZ-type).
3.2.1. It is allowed to install a self-made carburettor attachment to the inlet manifold (spacer).
3.2.2. It is allowed to round the edges of GAZ-52 inlet manifold.
3.2.3. The outlet manifold and cylinder gasket must be an original one.
3.3. Supercharging of the fuel mix is forbidden.
3.3.1. In machine class GAZ 51/52 the camshaft is free. - in machine class GAZ 53 it is only allowed to use camshafts of the ZMZ engine.
3.3.2. The maximum valve lift measured from the valve is 10.8 mm plus tolerance 0.2 mm.
3.4. The use of injection is not allowed.
3.5. It is allowed to use only one carburettor.
3.5.1. In machine class GAZ 51/52 the carburettor is free. - In machine class GAZ 53 it is only allowed to use carburettors K-126, K- 135, K-114, K-84 and K-88.
3.6. In machine class GAZ-51/52 the outlet system is free but the noise level must not exceed 100 dBA.
3.6.1. In machine class GAZ-53: the outlet manifold must be the original one (cast iron collector). The construction of the flame tube and muffler is free but the noise level must not exceed 100 dBA.
3.7. The crankcase ventilation must be directed to a closed vessel with capacity of at least 3 l. Example in figure 1 trucks (Estonian Auto Sport Yearbook).
3.8. In machine class GAZ-51/52 the engine ignition system is free. - In machine class GAZ-
53 it is only allowed to use ignition systems with the original (GAZ type) spark spacer and one ignition coil.
3.9. Engine flywheel: it is advisable to use a steel flywheel in all machine classes.
4. TRANSMISSION, AXLES
4.1. The clutch is free.
4.2. GEARBOX IN AUTOCROSS: It is only allowed to use gearboxes of type GAZ with the original switching system of gears. - in machine classes GAZ –51/52 and GAZ-53 it is only allowed to use gearboxes with four forward gears and one backing gear with the following transmission figures: GAZ 51/52-04 I – 6.4 II – 3.09 III – 1.69 IV – 1.00 GAZ 52-03 I – 6.48 II – 3.09 III – 1.71 IV – 1.00 GAZ 53A I – 6.55 II – 3.09 III – 1.71 IV – 1.00
4.2.1. GEARBOX IN AUTORALLY, RALLYCROSS: - In machine class GAZ-51/52 and GAZ-53 the number of gears, transmission figures and switching system are free. Backing is obligatory for all vehicles.
4.3. Axles must be of type GAZ. In AUTORALLY it is allowed to use Volvo FL 6-408 front axle parts (disc, hub, support, blocks).
5. FRAME
5.1.It is allowed to use the frame of GAZ-51A and GAZ – 52-04. In competition class GAZ 53 it is also allowed to use the frame of GAZ 53A. Lightening and shortening of the frame between spring brackets is not allowed. Auxiliary spring brackets may be removed.
5.1.1. The rear beam of engine attachment must be in the original location.
5.2. The frame must have both front and rear towing hook(s) attached. The front towing hook may also be used at the back.
6. UNDERCARRIAGE, SUSPENSION
6.1. Tyres. -In autocross tyres are free. It is not allowed to use mechanical anti-slide means (studs, spikes, chains, etc.). -Smallest allowed rim size 16” in autorally, rallysprint and rallycross. Load index of the tyres used at least 101. Slick tyres (also grooved slicks) are not allowed.
6.1.1. Reduction of the safety coefficient of tyre by reduction of material is not allowed.
6.1.2. The use of studded tyres is allowed in autorally and rallysprint. The studs must not protrude from the tyre surface more than 2.5 mm. The largest allowed mass of a stud is 3.0 g. A stud may only have one peak and it may not be sharp or tube-shaped. The number of studs in one tyre is up to 300. Studs must be attached to a tyre from outside.
6.2. The braking system must be of type GAZ.
6.2.1. A twin brake system is obligatory for vehicles participating in rally racing.
6.2.2. A brake servo unit is obligatory in class GAZ 53.
6.2.3. Outer mechanical processing of brake drums (drilling down) is not allowed.
6.3. Hand brake is not obligatory (except in autorally).
6.4. Shock absorbers are free.
6.5. Stabilising torsion bars are allowed.
6.6. Elliptical leaf springs are allowed as suspension elements. The use of other suspension elements is not allowed.
7. STEERING WHEEL
7.1. The steering system must be of type GAZ.
8. DRIVER’S CAB, BODY, LOAD BIN
8.1. The basic structure of the driver’s cab must be of standard type, with attachments to the frame at least in three points. It is allowed to change the shape of the back wall of the driver’s cab when placing seats.
8.1.1. A transversal steel tube and two inclined tubes must be added to the back of the driver’s cab. The upper end of the inclined tube (right and left) is attached to the transversal tube and the lower end to the floor (as close to the front attachment bolt of the driver’s cab as possible). Smallest dimensions of the transversal and inclined tubes: 38 x 2.5 mm or 40 x 2.5 mm. Upon attachment of the tubes to the wall or floor, additional fortification patches must be used with thickness of at least 2.5 mm and size at least 10 x 10 cm, which must reach out through the side wall of the cabin by 5–10 mm and be welded all around.
8.2.In construction of a vehicle it is allowed to use the driver’s cabs, engine bonnets, front grids and mudguards of GAZ-51, GAZ-52/53 and GAZ 3307 (including plastic).
8.2.1. Additional reinforcements of the front grid, mudguards and bumpers are not allowed. Cut edges and ends of mudguards and bumper must not be (cutting) sharp.
8.2.2. It is only allowed to use the original radiator frame which may have one round or rectangular tube Ų 25 mm in front of the radiator for reinforcement.
8.2.3. If the back supporting elements of the radiator frame (tubes, bars or squares) are attached to the front wall of the driver’s cab, a reinforcing steel plate with an area of at least 100 cm² and thickness of at least 4 mm must be attached between the end of the supporting element and the front wall of the driver’s cab. The reinforcement plate must be attached to the front wall of the driver’s cab by at least four bolts with diameter of at least 8 mm, or by welded attachment all around the circumference of the plate or by inclined supporting elements to the frame.
8.3.Running boards are obligatory, the shape and size thereof are free (legibility of racing numbers must be ensured). The running boards must not have sharp edges.
8.4.Looking from above, mudguards must cover the tyres used. In order to ensure that it is allowed to use mudguard extensions. The mudguard extensions made of rigid material must not have sharp edges.
8.5. Rear mudguards (on the driving axle) are obligatory. The distance between the lower edge of the mudguard and the surface must be between 10 and 30 cm. The mudguard must be at least 2 cm wider than the tyre from both edges. Mudguards must meet the parameters provided here throughout the race.
8.6. The load bin must be made of weatherproof material (wood, metal or plastic).
8.6.1. The base frame of the load bin may be made of steel tubes with max. diameter60 mm. Joints of horizontal tubes (welded joints) may be made only on straight tube sections (to avoid sharp angles). The attachments of the base frame of the load bin must be made directly to the frame of the vehicle in at least four points. Every attachment must be made by at least four bolts with minimum diameter of 10 mm or by two U-bolts with minimum diameter of 12 mm.
8.6.2. The minimum height of the load bin is 15 cm (outer measurement). In autocross the wall thickness of the load bin must be at least 25 mm, in autorally at least 10 mm. The front wall (wall behind the driver’s cab) of the load bin is not obligatory.
8.6.3. The load bin must reach at least 20 cm back from the rear transversal beam of the frame. Important! The load bin must always reach at least 3 cm back from the rear towing hook.
8.6.4. From above the load bin must cover the back wheels.
8.6.5. Bottom of the load bin is obligatory, thickness of the bottom at least 5 mm.
8.6.6. If a wooden load bin is used, the side members of the load bin must be attached to the frame of the vehicle by at least six steel U-bolts. The minimum diameter of the U-bolts is 12 mm.
9. ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
9.1.In autocross, a vehicle must have two rear red safety lamps (every lamp with capacity of at least 10 W) and two red stop lights (capacity of each lamp 21 W). The lit area of each rear lamp must be at least 40 cm². The lamps must be placed to the inside of the upper third of the safety arch, with lit area facing backwards, symmetrically with the longitudinal axis and parallel to the transversal axis of the vehicle. The rear safety lamps must be lit throughout the race. Important! The lamps of the safety and stop lights may also be placed in one light but they must be separated by a wall and operate independently from each other.
9.2. The lighting and alarm equipment of vehicles taking part in rally races must meet the technical inspection requirements of the Estonian Motor Vehicle Registration Centre.
10.FUEL
10.1. Only commercially sold engine fuel available in general filling stations may be used.
10.1.1. The octane number of petrol is free.
10.2. Creating excess pressure in the fuel tank is not allowed.
11.RACING NUMBERS AND ADVERTISING ON VEHICLES
11.1. Placement of racing numbers and advertising must meet the international racing regulations.
11.2. Amendment of Clause 208: on a truck, the national flag and names of the racers are placed on doors at the number rectangle (not on the front wing).
11.3. Blood type is not marked on the racing vehicle.
11.4. Racing numbers must be placed on the doors on both sides.
11.5. An additional plate with the racing number on the safety arch is obligatory for vehicles participating in autocross. The plate with the racing number must be legible both from the front and from the back. The minimum dimensions of the additional plate: width 40 cm and height 30 cm. The background of the number must be white in class Gaz-51/52 and yellow in class Gaz- 53. The minimum height of the number is 28 cm and the width of the line 5 cm. Numbers must be black and of classic type.
SAFETY REQUIREMENTS
1. WINDOWS
1.1. The front window(s) must be of safety glass. It is not allowed to use stalinite glass (toughened, no laminate, so-called “salt glass”) in the front windscreen.
1.1.1. In special occasions it is allowed to use stalinate glass but it must be laminated with unshaded safety film (from inside) or have a glass-protection mesh outside.
1.2. Additional attachments of the front windscreen are allowed.
1.3. A washing device and wipers of the front windscreen are obligatory.
1.4. The remaining windows must be original ones or of transparent material that does not produce pieces or “rays” (unbreakable when bent together) with minimum thickness of 1.5 mm.
1.5. Shaded or reflecting glass and shaded lamination is not allowed.
1.6. The side windows on the driver’s side must be closed during the race.
1.7. Removal of windows is not allowed.
2. REAR-VIEW MIRRORS
2.1. It is obligatory to have two outer rear-view mirrors and one inner mirror. The placement of the inner mirror must enable the driver to see through the rear window.
2.2. The area of each rear-view mirror must be at least 40 cm².
3. ATTACHMENT OF THE ENGINE BONNET
3.1. The original locking of the engine bonnet of GAZ-52/53/3307 must be removed and the bonnet must be attached in at least four points.
3.2. For GAZ -51-l, the obligatory attachments of the engine bonnet are in original locations and at least one additional attachment on the front part of the engine bonnet.
4. FUEL TANK, FUEL LINE
4.1. The fuel tank must be on the frame of the vehicle, between the inclined support elements of the safety arch and the head arch, and must be attached by at least four bolts with minimum diameter of 8 mm. Also steel tapes (at least two) may be used for attachment of the fuel tank with minimum thickness of 1.5 mm and minimum width of 35 mm.
4.2. The fuel tank cap must ensure leak proof closing of the filling opening. The air hose must be supplied with a valve stopping the outflow of fuel in order to prevent leaking of fuel if the vehicle turns over.Important! It is also allowed to use an air hose without a valve, the principle layout of which is provided in Annex 1 (figure 4 trucks). The maximum inner diameter of the air hose is 5 mm.
4.3. The fuel line must not pass the driver’s cab and must be protected from outer damage and heating. It is only allowed to use special reinforced hoses of petrol-proof materials with proper marking in the flexible joints of the fuel line. Only designated screw clamps or threaded joints may be used for connecting fuel tubes and hoses. The fuel line must be appropriately attached to the frame of the vehicle by steel or plastic attachments.
5. ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
5.1. The mains switch must be attached to the driver’s cab at the driver’s side and be accessible from both inside and outside. The mains switch must be mechanically switchable; it must interrupt all circuits (battery, ignition and generator) and stop the engine. The location of the switch must be marked with a blue triangle surrounded by a white edge (side length 120 mm) with a red image of lightening inside.
5.2. The electricity wires must be appropriately attached.
5.3. The battery must be placed in the safety cage of the vehicle and attached to the lower part of the main arch or the frame of the car by four bolts with minimum diameter of 8 mm. The attachments of the bolts must be reinforced by reinforcement plates with minimum thickness of 3 mm and minimum area of 20 cm². The battery cover must be made of non-conducting material (rubber or plastic).
6. FIRE EXTINGUISHER
6.1. In closed tracks, the use of a fire extinguisher is recommended. In autocross the minimum weight of the extinguishing agent is 2 kg. In rally races, the minimum weight of the extinguishing agent is 5 kg.
6.2. CO2 must not be used as the extinguishing agent. Requirements to hand-held extinguishers and permitted extinguishing agents are provided in annex J, Art. 253 (Safety Terms), Clause 7.
6.3. A fire extinguisher must be attached to the lower third of the safety cage. The attachments can only be metal tapes with metal quick triggers.
6.4. The location of a fire extinguisher must be marked with a red letter E on a circle of at least 10 cm with white background and a red edge.
6.5. Access to the fire extinguisher must be ensured.
7. SEATS AND ATTACHMENTS THEREOF
7.1. The seats must be homologated by FIA (the homologation may be expired) and not modified. All the seats must be equipped with head support. Seats must be used in their homologated state without any modifications or removal or parts.
7.2. The seats must be attached to seat brackets in at least four points (two at the front and two at the back) by bolts with minimum diameter of 8 mm.
7.3. The seat brackets must be attached to the driver’s cab by at least four bolts with minimum diameter of 8 mm (with additional reinforcing plate of min. 40 cm²) or a welded joint. The thickness of the seat brackets and reinforcement plates is min. 3 mm for steel and 5 mm for light metal.
8. SAFETY BELTS AND ATTACHMENTS THEREOF
8.1. It is obligatory to use safety belts with at least one hip and two shoulder belts. The safety belts must be homologated by FIA (the homologation may be expired).
8.2. Attachment of safety belts to the driver’s cab – 2 attachment points for the hip belt and 2 or 1 attachment points for shoulder belts symmetrically with the seat. The shoulder belts must run through the supporting loop at the transversal beam of the back wall of the driver’s cab (figure 2 – trucks). The shoulder belts must be attached depending on the type of attachment: a) by bolts to the floor or back wall of the driver’s cab (figure 2; 3 – Trucks)
b) around the special transversal steel tube through the back part of the driver’s cab (annex 1, figure 5). The minimum dimensions of the transversal tube: 38 x 2.5 mm or 40 x 2 mm. The ends of the steel tube must reach 5–10 mm through the side wall of the driver’s cab from both sides and be welded to the walls of the driver’s cab all around the circumference of the tube.
8.3. All bolted attachment points of safety belts must be reinforced by at least steel reinforcement plates with an area of 40 cm² and minimum thickness of 3 mm or light metal reinforcement plates with minimum thickness of 5 mm (figure 3 – Trucks).
8.4. Bolts permitted for attachment of safety belts – 7/16” 20 UNF (special bolts for seat belts or attachment bolts for snap hooks, figure 3).
8.5. Safety belts must be used in their homologated state without any modifications or removal of parts and in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. It must be ensured that the belts would not rub against sharp edges.
8.6. Every safety belt that is not functioning properly must be replaced.
8.7. The belts must be replaced after each serious accident and when the texture of the belts is torn, worn or burnt. They must also be replaced when the metal parts of the belts are deformed or rusty.
9. SAFETY ARCH
9.1. Minimum material for the construction of a safety arch is a steel U-beam 100 x 47 mm or a seamless steel tube 5 x 60 mm.
9.2. The bottom of the main arch and both rear inclined support elements must be attached to the frame of the vehicle by steel U-bolts or bolts. Every attachment point must have at least 2 U-bolts or 4 bolts. The minimum diameter of the U-bolts and bolts is 16 mm. It is not allowed to use spacers/nuts between the U-bolt plate and the attachment nut.
9.3. The main arch must be located not further than 200 mm from the driver’s cab in side view.
9.4. The main arch must be in one piece.
9.5. Attachment of auxiliary equipment (except for rear safety lights, stop lights and fire extinguisher) to the main arch is not allowed.
9.6. If a U-beam is used, the main arch may not have right angles.
9.7. If the main arch is made of tube material, the straight part of the tube at the driver’s side must have an inspection hole with diameter of at least 4 mm. Important! If the cross-section of the tube becomes oval in the course of bending, the ratio of the smaller and larger diameter must be 0.9 or larger (i.e. the cross-section of the tube must not be flat).
9.8. The angle between the main arch and the inclined support elements in side view of the vehicle must be between 45°–60°.
9.9. Two symmetrical inclined support elements must be placed into the main arch, at the same surface level with the main arch. The attachment point of the inclined support elements on the main arch must be on the upper third of the arch.
9.10. A horizontal protective arch of the roof of the driver’s cab is obligatory for all vehicles. Minimum material for construction of the roof arch is a steel U-beam 80 x 40 mm or a seamless steel tube 5 x 60 mm. In top view the roof arch must reach forward over the roof by at least 2/3. From sides, the roof arch must be at least as wide as the driver’s cab. Diagonal support elements connecting the roof arch with the main arch from the top are obligatory. (at least two)
10. ADDITIONAL EQUIPMENT
10.1. In rally races it is obligatory to have: - one or two safety triangles (according to the racing instructions); - first aid kit (according to the technical inspection requirements of the Estonian Motor Vehicle Registration Centre).
10.2. Additional equipment must be appropriately attached. The driver’s cab or load bin must not contain unattached items.
11. EQUIPMENT OF RACERS
11.1. The driving attire must be a full suit with long sleeves (not in two parts). * The racing suit must be made of non-flammable and non-melting material (e.g. cotton). * A special fireproof (single- or multi-layer) racing suit is recommended. Homologation is not required. * The racing attire must not contain nylon, Capron or other melting synthetic materials.
11.2. Driving gloves must be of leather or fireproof material.
11.3. The safety helmet must be a car or motorcycle helmet meeting the E safety requirements. * It is recommended to use one that is homologated by FIA or FIM (International Motorcycle Association). Homologation may be expired. * If communication systems are incorporated into helmets for the time of racing, no openings or modifications may be made into the helmet that may weaken its structure.
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